Grand Challenges in the Development of Adsorptive Membrane for Water and Wastewater Treatment

Integrating nanotechnology and membrane technology has resulted in the development of adsorptive nanocomposite membranes with exceptional properties for various applications, including water reclamation. The application wastewater treatment is a promising that combines advantages adsorption filtration techniques. Literature reviews reported were successfully developed efficiently removed emerging contaminants such as heavy metals persistent organic pollutants from over last decades. However, grand challenges developing require more attention, aggregation agglomeration nanoadsorbents within matrix, mechanical strength distortion, extreme permeability, alterations surface charge. These challenges, mentioned earlier, could deteriorate performance membranes. Consequently, future research should focus on overcoming these to employ preserve environment.